ABSTRACT

Liquids exist in a relatively small part ofthe enormous range of temperatures and presures existing in the universe. Nevertheless, they are of vital importance for physics and chemistry, for technolocgy and life itself. A century of effort since the pionereng work of van der Waals has led to a fairly complete basic understanding of the statik and dynamic physicochemical properties of liquids. Advances in statistical mechanics for instance the fundamental formulations of Gibbs and Boltzman, integral equation and perturbation theories, computer simulations, in knowledge of intermolecular forces and in experimental techniques have all contributed to this. Fifty years ago the very existence of liquids seemed a little mysterious; today one can make fairly precise predictions of the solid-liquid-gas phase diagram and of the microscobic and macroskobic static and dynamics of properties of liquids. This work is a survey, with particular emphasis on equilibrium properties, ofthe theory which underlines that basic understanding, which is now at least comparable with our understanding of the physics of solids. In the study the basic theoretical knowledge is presented together with the calculated structural properties for liquid Argon comparing by experimental results those obtained by others.